Exchange rates play a crucial role in the global economy, influencing trade, investment, and economic stability. Understanding the various measurements and regimes of exchange rates is essential for ...

The Economic Issues series was inaugurated in September 1996. Its aim is to make some of the economic research being produced in the International Monetary Fund on topical issues accessible to a broad ...

The foreign exchange rate, often abbreviated as “forex” or “F.X.,” is a fundamental concept in international finance and trade. It plays a pivotal role in the global economy and impacts individuals, ...

Fifty years ago, the world changed. On August 15, 1971, US President Richard Nixon slammed shut the “gold window,” suspending dollar convertibility. Although it was not Nixon’s intention, this act ...

Many economists argue that a flexible exchange rate regime is preferable to a fixed exchange rate regime because it helps to insulate the domestic economy from adverse external shocks. For example, ...

Every few months, headlines announce that countries want to “move away from the dollar.” India settles a shipment in rupees, African economies test regional payment systems, and the BRICS group ...

The International Monetary Fund has classified India’s exchange rate regime as a ‘crawl-like’ arrangement. This means the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is allowing a measured flexibility in the forex ...

Nigeria, one of Africa’s largest economies, has a long-standing history of grappling with currency stability and foreign exchange challenges. Over the years, the government has employed various ...