The Nazi relic's history is riddled with resilience errors, and those lessons still apply to defending against modern cyber ...

IIIF provides researchers rich metadata and media viewing options for comparison of works across cultural heritage collections. Visit the IIIF page to learn more. The American inventor Edward Hebern ...

Edward Hebern of California designed this machine to encipher and decipher typed messages. It uses one of the most important developments in cipher machines, the rotor. Rotary cipher machines were ...

"Fritz Menzer did not just come up with this machine - he developed other machines. And he also worked on cryptanalysis machines to crack the codes of other countries. There has been no research on ...

If you think about military crypto machines, you probably think about the infamous Enigma machine. However, as [Christos T.] reminds us, there were many others and, in particular, the production of a ...